Top 5 Ice Ages & Ice Age Causes Through Earth History | GEO GIRL

In this video, I go over the most widespread ice ages in Earth's history and what causes ice ages like these! This includes, the Huronian snowball earth event around 2.4 billion yrs ago, the Cryogenian (Sturtian & Marinoan) snowball earth events around 700 to 600 million yrs ago, the end Ordovician glaciation around 450 million yrs ago, the Carboniferous ice age around 360 to 260 million yrs ago, and the current Quaternary ice age (2.6 million yrs ago to present). Hope you enjoy! ;) References: Earth System History: https://amzn.to/3v1Iy0G Hoffman et al., 1998: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.281.5381.1342 Lisiecki & Raymo, 2005: https://doi.org/10.1029/2004PA001071 Zachos et al., 2008: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature06588 Berger, 1978: https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894( 78)90046-6 Crowley & Hyde, 2008: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07365 Hays et al., 1976: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.194.4270.1121 Masson-Delmotte et al., 2013: https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/02/WG1AR5_Chapter05_FINAL.pdf Stocker et al., 2013: https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/02/WG1AR5_all_final.pdf Crowley & Hyde, 2008: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07365 Kiehl & Shields, 2013: https://doi.org/10.1130/G33756.1 Kump, 2008: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature06587 Lenton & Watson, 2011: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1009391108 Miller et al., 2012: https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2012.51 Shakun et al., 2012: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10915 Toggweiler et al., 2006: https://doi.org/10.1029/2005PA001154 Zahirovic et al., 2014: https://doi.org/10.5194/se-5-227-2014 GEO GIRL Website: https://www.geogirlscience.com/ (visit my website to see all my courses, shop merch, learn more about me, & donate to support the channel if you'd like!) 0:00 What is an ice age? 0:42 Top 5 ice ages in Earth’s history 2:39 Top 5 ice age causes 5:35 Snowball Earth causes 7:13 Ordovician ice age causes 9:13 Carboniferous-Permian ice age causes 10:31 Modern ice age causes 11:59 From Earth-bound to astronomical causes 13:12 Common causes for all ice ages & related videos! Hey there, Earth enthusiast! Check my favorite Earth-friendly products: Bamboo toilet paper: https://shrsl.com/3cvku Bamboo paper towels: https://shrsl.com/3cvkw Compostable tableware: https://shrsl.com/3cvkz Compostable trash bags: https://shrsl.com/3cvl0 Bamboo cutlery + straw! : https://shrsl.com/3cwfl Eco-Friendly Tote (great for grocery shopping!): https://shrsl.com/3cwfp Reusable straws + cleaning brushes (my fav!): https://shrsl.com/3cwft Eco-friendly laundry detergent: https://shrsl.com/3cwgo Directly offset your carbon footprint with Wren: https://shrsl.com/3d0t2 (Just click link, press get started, take the free C footprint quiz, then choose how much you want to reduce your footprint by donating to the C sequestration projects they're funding!) Non-textbook books I recommend: Oxygen by D. Canfield: https://amzn.to/3gffbCL Brief history of Earth by A. Knoll: https://amzn.to/3w3hC1I Life on young planet by A. Knoll: https://amzn.to/2RBMpny Some assembly required by N. Shubin: https://amzn.to/3w1Ezm2 Your inner fish by N. Shubin: https://amzn.to/3cpw3Wb Oxygen by N. Lane: https://amzn.to/3z4FgwZ Alien Oceans by K. Hand: https://amzn.to/3clMx1l Life's Engines: https://amzn.to/3w1Nhke Tools I use as a geologist/teacher/student: Geology field notebook: https://amzn.to/3lb6dJf Geology rock hammer: https://amzn.to/3DZw8MA Geological compass: https://amzn.to/3hfbdLu Geological hand lens: https://amzn.to/3jXysM5 Camera: https://amzn.to/3l6fGRT Carbon-neutral pencil bag: https://shrsl.com/3cvjv Carbon-neutral backpack: https://shrsl.com/3cvkc Disclaimer: Links included in this description might be affiliate links. If you purchase a product or service with the links that I provide I may receive a small commission, but there is no additional charge to you! Thank you for supporting my channel so I can continue to provide you with free content each week! And as always, let me know your topic suggestions in the comments down below!

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